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After completing 12th grade, aspiring medical students must choose the right medical science career paths. The decision of which course to pursue is crucial, as it sets the foundation for a fulfilling and impactful journey in the healthcare sector. Explore some of the most sought-after medical science courses available after the 12th class, providing insights into their curriculum, career prospects, and the unique contributions they make to the field of medicine.

1. Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS)

1. MBBS is a 5.5-year undergraduate medical degree in India, including 1 year of internship.
2. Eligibility requires 12th-grade completion with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, and passing the NEET exam.
3. Top Institutes include AIIMS Delhi, PGIMER Chandigarh, KMC Manipal, Madras Medical College.
4. Curriculums contain topics that prepare students to diagnose and treat patients, undertake medical research, and level up with postgraduate studies
5. Career Paths include general practice, specialization, hospital management, and public health.
6. Postgraduate Options are MD or MS for those pursuing further specialization.
7. Average Initial Salary somewhere between INR 55,000 to INR 20 LPA
8. MBBS course fees begin from INR 30,000 and go up to INR 1.5 to 2 Crores.

2. Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS)

1. Duration 5 years, including 4 years of study and a 1-year internship.
2. Eligibility requires 12th-grade completion with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, and passing the NEET exam.
3. Top Institutes include Delhi, Banaras Hindu University, and Jamia Millia Islamia.
4. Average Initial Salary INR 4-10 lacs (approx.)
5. Curriculums the BDS curriculum includes foundational subjects like anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, followed by clinical training in dental specialties, patient management, and a final-year internship for hands-on experience.
6. BDS course fees INR 1-6 lacs per annum.

3. Bachelor of Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery (BHMS)

1. Duration 5.5 years: This includes 4.5 years of academic study and a 1-year internship.
2. Eligibility it is an undergraduate course in which requires 12th-grade completion with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, and passing the entrance
   NEET, IPU CET, PU CET, BCECE exam.
3. Top Institutes Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth, GGSIPU, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, YBN University
4. Average Initial Salary INR 2,50,000 to INR 6,50,000
5. Curriculums the BHMS curriculum includes foundational subjects like anatomy and physiology, homeopathic material medica, pathology, clinical practice, and an internship for hands-on experience in homeopathic medicine
6. BHMS course fees INR 1,50,000 to INR 3,50,000

4. Bachelor of Veterinary Science (BVSc) / Veterinary Medicine

1. Duration 5.5 years including both academic study and practical training.
2. Eligibility Many institutions require candidates to pass an entrance exam specific to veterinary science or a general medical entrance exam.
3. Top Institutes IVRI, Anand Agricultural University, Punjab Agricultural University, Madras Veterinary College.
4. Average Initial Salary INR 4-8 lakhs per annum: Initial salaries for BVSc graduates can vary depending on the role, location, and type of employment.
5. Curriculums Physiology, Biochemistry, Veterinary Pharmacology Microbiology, Medicine, Surgery, Clinical Diagnosis, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Animal Nutrition
6. BVSc course fees: Public Institutions: Approximately INR 20,000 – 1 lakh per year.
7. Private Institutions: This can range from INR 2-5 lakhs per year, depending on the institution.

5. Bachelor of Pharmacy (BPharm)

1. Duration: 4 years typically a full-time program.
2. Eligibility Completion of higher secondary education (10+2) with science subjects (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology or Mathematics). Some institutions require entrance exams like the Pharmacy Entrance Test or general engineering entrance exams in some cases.
3. Top Institutes Jamia Hamdard, Panjab University, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi.
4. Average Initial Salary INR 3-6 lakhs per annum: Initial salaries can vary based on the role, employer, and location.
5. Curriculums pharmacology, pharmaceutical analysis, clinical pharmacy, pharmacy practice.
6. course fees: Public Institutions: Approximately INR 30,000 – 1.5 lakhs per year.
7. Private Institutions: Can range from INR 1-3 lakhs per year, depending on the institution and location.

6. Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT)

1. Duration 4.5 years: Includes academic coursework and practical training, plus a 6-month internship.
2. Eligibility 50% in 10+2 with science as mainstream.
3. Top Institutes AIIMS New Delhi, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore.
4. Average Initial Salary INR 3-6 lakhs per annum: Initial salaries can vary based on location, type of employer, and individual skills.
5. Curriculums Microbiology, Biochemistry, Neurophysiology, Orthopedics, Research Methodology, Clinical Practice.
6. BPT course fees Public Institutions: Approximately INR 20,000 – 1 lakh per year.
7. Private Institutions: Can range from INR 1-3 lakhs per year, depending on the institution and location.

7. Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Medical Science

1. Duration 3 years: Full-time undergraduate program.
2. Eligibility 10+2 with 50% in Science stream
3. Top Institutes GGDSD(Chandigarh), MCM DAV(Chandigarh), DAV College(Chandigarh).
4. Average Initial Salary Approximately INR 10K – 1 LPA
5. Curriculums Human Anatomy, Physiology, Pharmacology, Internship/Practical Training.
6. BDS course fees Public Institutions: Approximately INR 20,000 – 1 lakh per year.
7. Private Institutions: Can range from INR 1-3 lakhs per year, depending on the institution and location.

8. Diploma in Medical Sciences

1. Duration 1-2 years: Depending on the specific diploma program.
2. Eligibility 10+2 with 50% in science stream
3. Top Institutes Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Kasturba Medical College (Mangalore) .
4. Average Initial Salary Approximately INR 10K – 1 LPA
5. Course fees Public Institutions: Approximately INR 10,000 – 50,000 per year.
6. Private Institutions: Can range from INR 50,000 – 1.5 lakhs per year, depending on the institution and course.
7. Types

Diploma	Institutions
Diploma in Nutrition and Dietetics.	SunRise University, Alwar
Diploma In Physiotherapy	AKG Institute of Nursing-Lucknow.
Diploma radiography	State Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences- Badal.

9. Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Nursing

1. Duration 4 year full-time undergraduate program.
2. Eligibility 10+2 with 50% in science stream
3. Top Institutes Manipal College of Nursing(Manipal), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi
4. Average Initial Salary INR 3-6 lakhs per annum: Initial salaries can vary based on the role, location, and type of employment.
5. Curriculums Fundamental of Nursing, Medical Surgical Nursing, Pathology, Mental Health Nursing, Nursing Management and Leadership.
6. Course fees Public Institutions: Approximately INR 20,000 – 1 lakh per year.
7. Private Institutions: Can range from INR 1-3 lakhs per year, depending on the institution and location.

10. Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) in Biotechnology

1. Duration 4 years: Full-time undergraduate program.
2. Eligibility The candidate must have passed the 10+2 examination from science stream with subjects Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology from a recognized board.
3. Top Institutes IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, IIT Kharagpur, IIT BHU
4. Average Initial Salary INR 4-8 lakhs per annum: Initial salaries can vary based on the role, location, and employer.
5. Curriculums Introduction to Biotechnology, Bioprocessing, Biotechnology Lab Techniques, Biotechnology Applications.
6. Course fees Public Institutions: Approximately INR 50,000 – 1.5 lakhs per year.
7. Private Institutions: Can range from INR 1.5 – 4 lakhs per year, depending on the institution and location.

Importance of choosing the medical course.

Choosing the right medical course after 12th grade is crucial for shaping your future career. Whether you opt for MBBS, BDS, BAMS, BHMS, or nursing, each path offers unique specializations and demands varying levels of commitment. Your choice not only affects your education but also your career opportunities and job satisfaction. While MBBS and BDS require long-term study, courses like BPT or nursing offer shorter, focused paths. Understanding the skills, job trends, mental health and financial aspects of each course is essential to make an informed decision that aligns with your interests and goals.